Film Develops
The first photograph was taken by Joseph Nicéphore Niépce in 1824 and by 1829 he along with Louis-Jacques Mandé Daguerre had created a commercial process. From there things moved rapidly:
1851 Frederick Scott Archer invents wet plate photography
1871 Richard Leach Maddox creates a dry plate photography
1880 George Eastman founds a company to produce and market dry plates.
You can see the actual first photograph taken by Niépce. It's on permanent display at the Harry Ransom Center at UT, 300 W 21st St. in Austin.